Amphetamines is the name given a group of synthetic stimulants which are chemically similar to adrenaline, the hormone used for 'fight or flight' emergencies.

There are three main types. "Speed" most commonly refers to amphetamine sulphate (also known by its trade name, Benzedrine).

But there is also dextroamphetamine (Dexedrine or "Dexy's Midnight Runners"), and the most potent, methamphetamine (Methedrine or "Meth").

appearance
Of all street drugs, speed is most variable in appearance, mainly because the pure product is so rare.

Most street amphetamine comes in the form of crystal powder or paste and is usually snorted or dabbed on the gums. It is usually a distinct colour (brown, orange, reddish) thanks to impurities and 'backroom' method of synthesis.

Larger (purer) crystals are sometimes available but these are usually primarily for cooking up and injecting.

And then there's 'base', an off white / brown / pink gritty paste, usually much purer than powder (the texture makes it too difficult to mix it with anything else).

Illegally manufactured speed pills do exist but are usually sold as (fake) Ecstasy rather than as speed.

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ice
Also known as 'crystal meth' or 'glass', ice is a smokeable freebase form of methamphetamine very common in America (it started in Hawaii). Like crack-cocaine, it comes in larger crystals or rocks. When smoked its effects are comparable to crack in intensity but much longer lasting.

It is highly addictive.

purity
Speed is notoriously impure. The average one gram wrap is 10% amphetamine, 90% adulterant - anything from vitamin C powder, glucose powder, caffeine, flour, baby milk. The usual stuff.

legality
Amphetamines are class B prescription only drugs under the Medicines Act and the Misuse of Drugs Act 1971.

Therefore, doctors can prescribe them to patients legally, but any other unauthorised production, supply or possession is an offence.

In the US, amphetamines are categorized under Schedule II along with cocaine.